Digital intercom stations can be connected using Cat 5 cable and can even use existing computer networks as a means of interfacing distant parties.Performing arts venues such as theaters and concert halls often have a combination of permanently mounted and portable intercom elements.Multiple channels of simultaneous conversations can be carried over additional conductors within a cable or by frequency- or time-division multiplexing in the analogue domain.Portable intercoms are connected primarily using common shielded, twisted pair microphone cabling terminated with 3-pin XLR connectors.Digital intercoms use Category 5 cable and relay information back and forth in data packets using the Internet protocol suite.This type of format allowed the two channels to operate in standard microphone cable, a feature highly desired by the broadcasters.This reconfiguration was usually handled at a central location, but because voltage is used on the circuit to power the external user stations as well as communicate, there would usually be a pop when the channels were switched.So while one could change the system on-the-fly, it was usually not desirable to do so in the middle of a production, as the popping noise would distract the rest of the television crew.There may be concerns about privacy since conversations may be picked up on a scanner, baby monitor, cordless phone, or a similar device on the same frequency.A single device can add intercom functionality to multiple standard telephones on a common phone line, even of different makes and models.This standard is now used globally, though in the United States, primarily AT&T, T-Mobile, and a few other providers use GSM, while Sprint and Verizon used CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) technology.
An intercom control desk
Intercom used for team and driver communication in
Formula One
A modern four-wire intercom system capable of 272 sources and destinations manufactured by Telex Communications Inc.
Loudaphone
brand intercom station aboard
RMS
Queen Mary
. The Loudaphone was specified for noisy environments such as aboard trains and trams and within a ship's engine room.