Inflorescence
The modifications can involve the length and the nature of the internodes and the phyllotaxis, as well as variations in the proportions, compressions, swellings, adnations, connations and reduction of main and secondary axes.[citation needed] One can also define an inflorescence as the reproductive portion of a plant that bears a cluster of flowers in a specific pattern.Because flowers facilitate plant reproduction, inflorescence characteristics are largely a result of natural selection.The main axis (also referred to as major stem) above the peduncle bearing the flowers or secondary branches is called the rachis.[4] An extreme version of this is flagelliflory where long, whip-like branches grow from the main trunk to the ground and even below it.[5] Plant organs can grow according to two different schemes, namely monopodial or racemose and sympodial or cymose.The main kind of racemose inflorescence is the raceme (/ˈræsiːm/, from classical Latin racemus, cluster of grapes).The main kind of cymose inflorescence is the cyme (pronounced /saɪm/), from the Latin cyma in the sense 'cabbage sprout', from Greek kuma 'anything swollen').Another kind of definite simple inflorescence is the raceme-like cyme or botryoid; that is as a raceme with a terminal flower and is usually improperly called 'raceme'.Many verticillasters with reduced bracts can form a spicate (spike-like) inflorescence that is commonly called a spike.The family Asteraceae is characterised by a highly specialised head technically called a calathid (but usually referred to as 'capitulum' or 'head').The genus Ficus (Moraceae) has an inflorescence called a hypanthodium, which bears numerous flowers on the inside of a convex or involuted compound receptacle.LEAFY (LFY) is a gene that promotes floral meristem identity, regulating inflorescence development in Arabidopsis.[21] Consequently, genes that regulate floral meristem identity play major roles in determining inflorescence architecture because their expression domain will direct where the plant's flowers are formed.[22] In Aesculus sylvatica, it has been shown that the most common inflorescence sizes are correlated with the highest fruit production as well.
FluorescenceInflorescent (album)Aloe hereroensispeduncleAmorphophallus titanumFairchild Tropical Botanic GardenbotanyflowersbranchMorphologicallyseed plantsinternodesphyllotaxisadnationsconnationsplant reproductionnatural selectionrachispedicelfloretpseudanthiumfruitinginfructescencepanicleracemecaulifloryflagelliflorymonopodialracemosesympodialindeterminateleavesadnateLilium martagonSolanum lycopersicumTilia cordatacapitulumcluster of grapescorymbUmbelliferaespadixspatheAraceaeflower headDipsacaceaecatkinEpilobium angustifoliumPlantago mediaIberis umbellataAstrantia minorArum maculatumDipsacus fullonumAlnus incanaBoraginaceaeCommelinaceaeIridaceaeCaryophyllaceaeHypericum perforatumGladiolus imbricatusSymphytum officinaleSilene dioicaPelargonium zonaleLamiaceaeGentiana luteaLamium orvalaMentha longifoliaMelilotus officinalisVeronica albicansLolium temulentumEchinops ritroLaserpitium latifoliumVitis viniferaSambucus nigraJuncus inflexusAesculus hippocastanumSyringa vulgarisAchilleaHedera helixAsteraceaecalathidPoaceaespikeletsMoraceaeEuphorbiacyathiaMatricaria chamomillaTriticum aestivumOryza sativaFicus caricaEuphorbia tridentataEuphorbia cyparissiasColeuscomposite flowers or pseudanthiaArabidopsisfloral meristemABC model of flower developmentAsclepiasAesculus sylvaticaCarpenter, RosemaryBibcodeStevens, P. F.Angiosperm Phylogeny WebsiteWayback MachineHistoryOutlineSubdisciplinesArchaeobotanyAstrobotanyBryologyDendrologyEthnobotanyPaleobotanyPhycologyPhytochemistryPhytogeographyGeobotanyPlant anatomyPlant ecologyPlant intelligencePlant pathologyPlant physiologyArchaeplastidaBryophyteNon-vascular plantsVascular plantsLycophyte