Solid lead bullets, when cast from a soft alloy, will often deform and provide some expansion if they hit the target at a high velocity.Although such bullet designs were quickly outlawed for use in warfare (in 1898, the Germans complained they breached the Laws of War), they steadily gained ground among hunters due to the ability to control the expansion of the new high velocity cartridges.The greater frontal surface area of the expanded bullet limits its depth of penetration into the target and causes more extensive tissue damage along the wound path.This jacket provides additional strength to the bullet, increases penetration, and can help prevent it from leaving deposits of lead inside the bore.This allows the manufacturer to maintain a greater consistency in tip shape and thus aerodynamic properties among bullets of the same design, at the expense of a slightly decreased ballistic coefficient and higher drag.The Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868 banned exploding projectiles of less than 400 grams, along with weapons designed to aggravate injured soldiers or make their death inevitable.A valid firearms certificate allows the holder to use ball, full metal jacket, hollow point and ballistic-tipped ammunition for range use and vermin control.The bullets were coated with a black colored, paint-like lubricant called "Lubalox", and loaded into nickel-plated brass cases, which made them visually stand out from other ammunition.[15][16] A concern was raised by the president of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) that the sharp edges of the jacket could cut medical personnel's skin and risk spread of disease.[17][18] Winchester responded to the media criticism of the Black Talon line by removing it from the commercial market and only selling it to law enforcement distributors.
.357 Magnum
rounds. Left:
Jacketed soft-point (JSP)
round. Right: Jacketed hollow-point (JHP) round. JSP is a semi-jacketed round as the jacket does not extend to the tip
.45 ACP
Federal HST 230gr hollow point cartridge, with two rounds of CCI Standard Velocity
.22 LR
for comparison purposes
.40 S&W
round, complete cartridge and expanded bullet
A
9mm
hollow point cartridge, along with unexpanded and expanded bullets. The expanded lead bullet and copper jacket are separated
6.5×55mm Swedish
before and after expanding. The long base and small expanded diameter show that this is a bullet designed for deep penetration on large game. The bullet in the photo traveled more than halfway through a
moose
before coming to rest.
An expanded 124-grain
9×19mm Luger
jacketed hollow-point
Three fired
.22 caliber
hollow-point bullets, recovered after being fired into water. To the left is a bullet of the same type that has not been fired.