History of Derbyshire
[2] Its creation appears to be a result of the dismemberment of the Mercian Kingdom's province of the Peak District and the chronicle says, under 1048: “her wæs eac eorðstyrung on Kalendas Maias on manegum stowum, on Wygracestre on Wic on Deorby elles gehwær, eac wæs swiðe mycel mancwealm orfcwealm, eac þæt wilde fyr on Deorbyscire micel yfel dyde gehwær elles.” ("This year also there was an earthquake, on the calends of May, in many places; at Worcester, at Wick, and at Derby, and elsewhere wide throughout England; with very great loss by disease of men and of cattle over all England; and the wild fire in Derbyshire and elsewhere did much harm").On the other hand, the later and final appearance of the Mercian Kingdom's province of the Peak District occurs in a charter of King Edgar in 963, where land at Ballidon near Wirksworth is being granted.The name Derbyshire is derived from the Old English word shire, meaning a division of a kingdom with its own governor, with the town of Derby being its administrative centre.This limestone outcrop is surrounded on the west, north and east by a horseshoe-shaped formation of younger sandstones (gritstones) and shales, known as the Dark Peak.[8][9][10][11] The finds in the caves at Creswell Crags gorge include ancient rock art, stone axes and bones from hyena and woolly rhinoceros.[20] The Viking cemetery at Heath Wood near Repton (south of Derby) contains a series of 59 barrows (burial mounds), which is the only known Scandinavian cremation site in the British Isles.[23] Following the Norman Conquest of England, the Domesday Book of 1086 AD lists the tenants-in-chief of lands in Derbyscire:[24][25] Derbyshire was traditionally divided into Hundreds, namely Appletree, High Peak, Morleyston and Litchurch, Repton and Gresley, Scarsdale, Wirksworth.[29][30][31][32] Mary Queen of Scots was held in custody (on royal command) by George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury at Chatsworth House several times between 1569 and 1584.[39] In the early 18th century, Richard Arkwright established cotton-spinning mills, using pioneering machinery, by the River Derwent at Cromford and Matlock Bath.During the 19th century lime from Buxton was supplied to make soda ash in Northwich for the Lancashire cotton industry and for glass manufacture in St Helens.
- High Peak
- Derbyshire Dales
- South Derbyshire
- Erewash
- Amber Valley
- North East Derbyshire
- Chesterfield
- Bolsover
- Derby
Ice AgeDerbyshireEnglandAnglo-Saxon ChronicleMercian KingdomWorcesterAshfordPeak DistrictKing EdgarBallidonWirksworthÆthelred the UnreadyNottinghamshireCheshireStaffordshireOld EnglishWhite PeakDerbyshire Domeanticlinecarboniferous limestonesandstonesgritstonesshalesDark PeakPaleolithicCreswell CragsWorksopBolsoverwoolly rhinocerosArbor LowNeolithicBronze AgeDoll TorNine LadiesNine Stones CloseThe Bull RingStone AgeMesolithicLismore FieldsIron AgehillfortsCastle NazeChapel-en-le-FrithFin CopAshford-in-the-WaterMam TorCastletonScheduled MonumentsRoman conquest of BritainCoretaniFlavia CæsariensisRomansBritanniaLittle ChesterChesterfieldMelandraGlossopBrough-on-NoeAquae ArnemetiaeBuxtonLutudarumCarsingtonRyknield StreetGloucestershireYorkshireBatham GateTemplebroughRotherhamDoctor's GateThe StreetAnglo-SaxonMerciaRiver TrentReptonKing Wiglaf of MerciaKing Æthelbald of MerciaKing Æthelred the UnreadyKing Alfred the GreatSaxonsVikingsScandinaviancremationBritish IslesNorman ConquestDomesday Booktenants-in-chiefWilliam the ConquerorBishop of ChesterAbbey of BurtonEarl Hugh of ChesterRoger de PoitouHenry de FerrersWilliam PeverelPeveril CastleWalter D'AincourtGeoffrey AlselinRalph son of Hubert (FitzHubert)Gilbert de GantRobert CurthoseRoger de BusliKing's ThanesHundredsWapentakesGresleydetached partLeicestershireMeashamDonisthorpecounty councilsOversealNethersealNortonTotleyCity of SheffieldSouth YorkshireRoyal Forest of PeakElizabethangreat housesChatsworth HouseHardwick HallPadley HallBarlborough HallMary Queen of ScotsGeorge Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsburyspa townrheumatism