Goal programming
The first engineering application of goal programming, due to Ignizio in 1962, was the design and placement of the antennas employed on the second stage of the Saturn V. This was used to launch the Apollo space capsule that landed the first men on the moon.If the decision maker is more interested in direct comparisons of the objectives then weighted or non-pre-emptive goal programming should be used.In this case, all the unwanted deviations are multiplied by weights, reflecting their relative importance, and added together as a single sum to form the achievement function.[6] For decision makers more interested in obtaining a balance between the competing objectives, Chebyshev goal programming is used.The setting of appropriate weights in the goal programming model is another area that has caused debate, with some authors[13] suggesting the use of the analytic hierarchy process or interactive methods[14] for this purpose.