Fosciandora
Fosciandora borders the municipalities of Barga, Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, Gallicano, Pieve Fosciana and Pievepelago.After the House of Este took control of the Garfagnana region, which took place starting from 1429, Fosciandora was divided between two states.The so-called "three lands", or the centres of Treppignana, Riana and Lupinaia, remained under the jurisdiction of Lucca, forming part of the diocese of Gallicano, while the rest of the current municipality – with Ceserana as its capital – was absorbed into the Republic of Florence and subsequently, in 1451, to Borso d'Este, becoming part of the Duchy of Ferrara.[3] At the end of the 18th century, the Garfagnana region came under the government of the Cispadane Republic which, on 3 March 1799, ordered that each of the three territories of Ceserana, Villa and Fosciandora should form a comune in their own right.[4] In 1847, with the entry into force of the Treaty of Florence, the territory of Fosciandora expanded to its current borders[5] and became a province of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio.