Festschrift
In academia, a Festschrift (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛst.ʃʁɪft] ⓘ; plural, Festschriften [ˈfɛst.ʃʁɪftn̩] ⓘ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime.A comparable book presented posthumously is sometimes called a Gedenkschrift (pronounced [ɡəˈdɛŋkʃʁɪft] ⓘ, "memorial publication"), but this term is much rarer in English.Originating in Germany before World War I, this European tradition of honoring special achievements in science and culture was carried to the United States by scientists who escaped the Nazis.Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, for example, began in 1972 as a Festschrift to commemorate the 75th birthday of Joseph Vogt, a German classical historian.In the case of prominent academics, several Festschriften might be prepared by various groups of students and colleagues, particularly if the scholar made significant contributions to different fields.