Some very early mechanical shavers had no electric motor and had to be powered by hand, for example by pulling a cord to drive a flywheel.Another important inventor was Prof. Alexandre Horowitz, from Philips Laboratories in the Netherlands, who designed one of the first rotary razors.[5][6] Roland Ullmann from Braun in Germany was another inventor who was decisive for development of the modern electric razor.[7] He was the first to fuse rubber and metal elements on shavers[8] and developed more than 100 electrical razors for Braun.They come with special combs fixed onto them that aid in proper grooming and trimming of the beard stubs to desired shapes and sizes.In order to ensure electrical safety, the charging/power cord for the shaver must be unplugged from it before the unit is cleaned using water.Such models are always battery-powered and usually the electronics will not allow turning the unit on while the charging adapter is plugged-in.
The standard AA-size Ni-Cd battery (600 mAh) is soldered in place, deterring user replacement.