Eggshell membrane

In the United States, egg-breaking facilities generate more than 24 billion broken eggshells every year.[1] There are various ways in which the membrane is separated from the shell, including chemical, mechanical, steam, and vacuum processes.Attachment of the soft organic fibrous membrane to the hard calcite shell is essential for proper chick embryonic development and growth (via ensuring association of the chorioallantoic membrane, and in allowing for air-sac formation at the blunt end of the egg).This attachment between dissimilar materials is facilitated by a structural interdigitation of fibers into each mammillae at the microscale, and reciprocally, at the nanoscale, mineral spiking into fibers directly at the interface[2] Eggshell membrane is primarily composed of fibrous proteins such as collagen type I.[4] Shell membrane is mainly used as a dietary supplement in a partially hydrolyzed powder form.
Eggshell membrane is the clear film lining the chicken eggshell displayed
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