Education in Estonia
The history of formal education in Estonia dates back to the 13–14th centuries when the first monastic and cathedral schools were founded.In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer and a classroom teacher program) the Bachelor and Master's levels are integrated into one unit.Estonian specialists contributed in the development of software engineering standards for different ministries of the Soviet Union during the 1980s.Tiigrihüpe (Estonian for Tiger Leap), founded in 1996, was a project undertaken by the state to heavily invest in the development and expansion of computer and network infrastructure in Estonia, with a particular emphasis on education.[8] Thanks to its early adoption of education technology, Estonian schools also moved seamlessly online during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020.[12] In 2024, a phased introduction of Estonian as the language to be used in all schools will begin, starting in preschool and the first and fourth grades.Graduating the basic school requires that the student learns the curriculum at least a satisfactory level together with passing three basic school graduation exams consisting of the Estonian language or Estonian as a second language, mathematics and an exam on a subject of the student's choice as well as completing a creative assignment.Upper secondary schools are designed to help students become creative, multi-talented, socially mature and reliable citizens who have discovered a field of endeavor that is best suited to their individual interests and capacities for continuing their future educational path.Graduation from upper secondary school requires the student to complete a curriculum consisting of at least 96 individual courses passed at a satisfactory level as a minimum, passing the state exams consisting of the Estonian language or Estonian as a second language, mathematics and a foreign language exam, passing the upper secondary school exam as well as completing a student research paper or practical work during the entire study period.The state subsidy is used for covering expenses on teachers’ salaries, social taxes, training and textbooks.
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