Redemocratization in Brazil

[1] Then-president Ernesto Geisel began the process of liberalization (nicknamed Portuguese: distensão) in 1974, by allowing for the Brazilian Democratic Movement opposition party's participation in congressional elections.He worked to address human rights violations and began to undo the military dictatorship's founding legislation, the Institutional Acts, in 1978.The 1985 election of a ruling opposition party marked the military dictatorship's end.The process of liberalization ultimately was successful, culminating with the promulgation of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution.[2] The democratization's historiography shows disagreement as to whether the opening was spurred more by divisions among the country's elite or by pressure from civil society, including church grassroots, new unionism, and opposition voters.
History of BrazilMiller AtlasPre-CabralineKuhikuguMarajoara cultureColonial BrazilTreaty of TordesillasPedro Álvares Cabral's voyageEuropean discoveryLetter of Pero Vaz de CaminhaCaptainciesSugar cycleSlaverySlave tradeState of BrazilFrance AntarctiqueBandeirantesJesuit missionsQuilombo dos PalmaresFrance EquinoxialeDutch invasionsDutch BrazilGold cycleWar of the EmboabasMascate WarVila Rica RevoltSpanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737)Treaty of MadridGuaraní WarSpanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777)Minas Gerais ConspiracyTransfer of the Portuguese court to BrazilInvasion of the Banda OrientalUnited Kingdom with PortugalPernambuco RevoltConquest of French GuianaConquest of the Banda OrientalConstituent Cortes of 1820IndependenceDia do FicoWar of IndependenceRecognition of IndependenceEmpire of BrazilReign of Pedro I1823 Constituent AssemblyNight of Agony1824 ConstitutionConfederation of the EquatorCisplatine WarAbdication of Pedro IRegency PeriodApril Revolt1834 Additional ActMalê RevoltCabanagemRagamuffin WarBalaiadaDeclaration of majority of Pedro IIReign of Pedro IILiberal rebellions of 1842Praieira revoltCoffee cycleEusébio de Queirós LawPlatine WarChristie AffairUruguayan WarParaguayan WarReligious IssueRevolt of the MuckersGrande SecaMilitary QuestionAbolition of SlaveryPost–abolition of slaveryOld RepublicProclamation of the Republic1891 ConstitutionEncilhamentoNavy RevoltsFederalist RevolutionBelle ÉpoqueCoffee with milk politicsCoronelismAmazon rubber boomWar of CanudosAnnexation of AcreVaccine RevoltTaubaté AgreementNaval arms raceRevolt of the LashContestado WarWorld War ILieutenant revoltsVargas EraRevolution of 1930Constitutionalist Revolution1934 ConstitutionCommunist uprising of 1935Estado Novo1937 Brazilian coup d'état1937 ConstitutionIntegralist UprisingWorld War IIOusting of Getúlio VargasPopulist RepublicLott's preventative coupAragarças RevoltConstruction of BrasíliaLegality CampaignPlano TrienalSailors' RevoltMilitary dictatorship1964 Brazilian coup d'étatVacancy in the PresidencyInstitutional ActsAraguaia Guerrilla WarMarch of the One Hundred ThousandBrazilian MiracleDiretas JáNew Republic1988 Constituent Assembly1988 ConstitutionPlano CollorMercosul1993 Constitutional referendumPlano RealMensalãoCar Wash investigationImpeachment of Dilma RousseffCoronavirus pandemicBy federative unitAlagoasAmapáAmazonasCearáFederal DistrictEspírito SantoGoiásMaranhãoMato GrossoMato Grosso do SulMinas GeraisParaíbaParanáPernambucoPiauíRio de JaneiroRio Grande do NorteRio Grande do SulRondôniaRoraimaSanta CatarinaSão PauloSergipeTocantinsAfro-BraziliansAnarchismAnimationCatholic ChurchCommunismConstitutionEconomyEthanolEtymologyFootballFootball TeamJewish BraziliansMilitaryNationalityPostalRail transportSocialismTransgenderTimelineConflictsYears in BrazilPortuguesethe country's new constitutiontransition to democracyErnesto GeiselBrazilian Democratic MovementJoão Figueiredo1988 Brazilian ConstitutionhistoriographyHistory of Brazil (1985–present)Political Science QuarterlyMilitary dictatorship in Brazil1964 coup d'étatList of the disappearedArmed struggleEconomic miraclePolitical openingNational Truth CommissionMarch of the Family with God for LibertyRiocentro bombingDeath of Vladimir HerzogHumberto de Alencar Castelo BrancoArtur da Costa e SilvaEmílio Garrastazu MédiciGolbery do Couto e SilvaRoberto CamposAntônio Delfim Netto