Afro Blue

Mongo Santamaria recorded his composition "Afro Blue" in 1959 when playing with the Cal Tjader Sextet.[1] "Afro Blue" was the first jazz standard built on a typical African 3:2 cross-rhythm, or hemiola.Since the main beats are grouped as four sets of three pulses (dotted quarter-notes in the top example), the bell pattern significantly contradicts the meter.Coltrane and Jones reversed the metric hierarchy of Santamaria's composition, by performing in 34 swing (2:3), instead of 68 or 128 (3:2).Roberta Flack's vocal recording of "Afro Blue" (on the 2020 reissue of 1969's First Take) uses Coltrane's arrangement.
Mongo Santamaria, 1969
Afro Blue (disambiguation)jazz standardMongo SantamaríaMongo SantamariaCal TjaderSunset Auditoriumcross-rhythmhemiolaostinatoPaul HornEmil RichardsFrancisco Aguabellaconga drumabakuáWillie Bobobell patternHerbie HancockOscar BrownAbbey LincolnAbbey Is BlueDee Dee BridgewaterDianne ReevesLizz WrightJohn ColtraneElvin JonesMy Favorite ThingsRoberta FlackFirst TakeMelanie De BiasioLiliesRobert GlasperErykah BaduBlack RadioAfro BlueRed EarthThe Derek Trucks BandSoul SerenadeThe DoorsAbsolutely LiveFantasy Records