1988 killings in Hyderabad, Sindh

On September 30, 1988,[1] hundreds of people, mostly Muhajirs,[1] were killed in Hyderabad, Sindh in what was known as "Black Friday".[1] Unidentified gunmen opened fire on large crowds of innocent bystanders, including women and children, in Latifabad.MQM, the largest Muhajir party, would broaden its scope as a party of the middle class following this incident, emphasizing the common physical suffering of the local Muhajir community in parallel to its socioeconomic decline.Demographic considerations were a huge part of political discourse that led to ethnic rioting throughout the late 1980s.[2] In July 2003, a Hyderabad trial court exonerated Qadir Magsi and eight others who were accused of perpetrating the massacre.
Violence against MuhajirsHyderabadPakistanMuhajirsQadir MagsiSindhi nationalistsViolence againstMuhajirsPersecution of Muhajirs in PakistanOperation Clean-upQasba Aligarh massacreDeath of Bushra ZaidiPersecution of Muhajirs in BangladeshSantahar massacreEthnic violenceSectarian violence in PakistanHyderabad, SindhSindhi nationalistnationalistsMuhajirZia-ul-HaqPresident of PakistanPrinceton University PressThe New York Times